Haifaa B. Najee
Abstract : Forty mature male rabbits were employed in the investigation, and they were separated into 5 equal groups of 8 each. The rabbits in the first group, which served as the control group, were fed a regular diet throughout the trial, the second and third groups were provided a conventional ration, whereas the fourth and fifth groups were fed a food enhanced with Sophoretin. The tested organisms were dissolved in Phosphate buffer solution (PBS), and the CFU count was performed using 10 folds serial dilutions. Thereafter, intramuscular injections of the drug were administered to the animals in the second and fourth groups 22 × 105 (CFU) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while the third and fifth groups' animals received intramuscular injections 18 × 106 (CFU) of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Following a 24 hours period, all of the 3rd group's rabbits and three of the 5th group's rabbits died, their stomachs, lungs, spleens, livers, and thigh muscles were removed, weighed, and homogenized with Phosphate buffer solution (PBS) to count the number of Colony forming units (CFU) in all of these organs. Two days later, the remainder fiverabbits of the 5th group were executed, and the prior procedures were carried out. For the 2nd and 4th groups, the prior procedures were carried out for the bacterial count after 48 hours following the bacterial injection, when all of the rabbits in the 2nd group and four rabbits in 4th group died. The remaining 4 rabbits in the fourth group were killed for the bacterial count 2 days later. The findings showed that the addition of Sophoretin to the ration boosted rabbit survival, and that the organ bacterial count of rabbits receiving Sophoretin considerably decreased as compared to rabbits receiving fat-free food at (P≤0.05).
Full Text PDFSalah Mahdi AL-Shammary and E. A. Al-Yasiri
Abstract : In order to better understand how melatonin implantation affects the semen traits of Awassi rams during the non-breeding season, this study was carried out. This study was conducted during the period of December/2020 to August/2021 using fifteen adult Awassi rams. Animals were randomly divided into two groups: control group (without treatment), treated group melatonin implants (54 mg). Semen samples were collected from rams weekly through the artificial vagina. Volume of ejaculate, Mass motility, Individual motility, and consternation of semen are estimated. The volume of semen showed significantly (P< 0.05) higher values than the control in summer. Mass motility showed significantly (P< 0.05) higher values than the control in winter and spring. Individual motility showed significantly (P< 0.05) higher values than the control in winter and summer. The concentration of semen showed significantly (P< 0.05) higher values than the control in winter and spring. Treatment with melatonin implantation significantly improved the physical characteristics of Awassi rams semen during the nonbreeding season.
Full Text PDFThaar Mohammed Najim, Atheer Abdlrazzaq Aldoori and Mustafa Salah Hasan
Abstract : This present study was designed for the molecular detection of virulence genes and MDR of Proteus mirabilis isolated from urine of dogs with UTI. Genomic DNA of Proteus spp. isolates were extracted by using Presto™ Mini g DNA Bacteria Kit Geneaid, USA. The purity and concentration of extracted DNA was measured using a Nanodrop spectrophotometer. It was a very important step to complete PCR assay, which was used to check the extracted DNA by loading the eluted DNA by Agarose gel electrophoresis. Three primers in this study were purchased from Bioneer, Korea to detect Proteus spp. virulence genes (tetA, qepA and aadA1). These primers were prepared according to the information of the company. Then PCR test was done. Antimicrobial sensitivity test was done for 14 different antimicrobials. The present study revealed that tetA was presented in 4 isolates, aadA1 was found in 2 isolates, and only one isolates had qepA gene. The current results of antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that selected isolate was sensitive to levofloxacin, Azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamycin, while it was resistant to another antibiotics. In conclusion, Proteus mirabilis which was isolated from dogs with UTI was MDR for most antibiotics.
Full Text PDFAthraa Abass Esmiel and Huda Nsaif Jasim
Abstract : The current study aimed to highlight the prevalence of Proteus mirabilis in local and imported chicken meat from various areas in Baghdad, Iraq. This study was conducted in the Department of Veterinary Public Health, Laboratory of Meat Hygiene from September 2020 to January 2021, where the samples of chicken meat were collected under chilled conditions from Baghdad's local markets, and all health aspects were considered when transferring these samples to the laboratory in order to prevent its contamination. The samples were inoculated on plates of specific Proteus agar, Blood agar, and MacConkey agar. The isolated bacteria were identified using colony morphology, Gram stain, MDPDP agar, and confirmed diagnosis by API 20E kits, Vitek2 system, and the first part of this investigation includes the collection of 200 samples (100 local chicken meat and 100 imported chicken meat) from various sites in Baghdad city. It was identified from total samples (200), 38 (19 %) positive samples, which 11 isolates from imported chicken meat and 27 isolates from local chicken meat. The results also showed that there were significant differences at the level (P≤0.05) of the mean count of P. mirabilis from imported chicken meat samples (5.66±0.12) compared to the local chicken meat samples (5.84±0.03) in Baghdad governorate. In conclusion, the prevalence of P. mirabilis from local chicken meat samples is more than imported chicken meat samples which conferring significant public health concerns. Also, the MDR problem of P. mirabilis isolated strains was resistant to Ticarcillin, Meropenem, Minocycline, Gentamicin, and Tobramycin.
Full Text PDFZahid I. Mohammed, Miesaa G. Taher and Ali S. Hassan
Abstract : Fungus toxins are considered one of the most common factors that have a serious impact on animal production. The current study aimed to demonstrate many mycotic toxins in animal feeds. About 500 – 1000 grams of 90 samples have got from poultry, fish, and ruminant feeds at animal farms from different parts of Baquba city in Diyala province, Iraq. All these 90 samples were sent to the laboratory of the College of Veterinary Medicine - University of Diyala from the 1st October 2021 to the 1st November 2021, and these samples were analyzed days after collection. The results recorded significantly lower P < 0.05 of mycotic toxins in ruminant feeds compared with poultry and fish feeds. Also, this study showed increased levels of both Penicilic acid and Afla, with a significant difference of P < 0.05 in ruminant feeds compared with other fungus toxins. The levels of Zearalenone and deoxynivalenol were significantly P < 0.05 greater in fish feed than in poultry and ruminant feeds. The current study recorded a serious remarkable difference of P < 0.05 among levels of mycotic toxins in fish and poultry and Penicilic acid toxin was higher compared with other toxins. In conclusion, the mycotic toxins may be at higher risk in fish and poultry feeds than in ruminant feeds.
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