Abstract : Vernacular Architecture is increasingly becoming a subject of major interest not only to architecture theorists, but also to designers and technologists for very many good reasons. It has now become very apparent, that although technological advancement brings modern civilization to our communities, it also accelerates the disappearance not only the style of life which has been developed over a span of many centuries, but also the very veins of cultural identity which are so vital for the survival of any society. The onslaught of modern technology has robbed our communities of the construction skills and environmentally sensitive design of their dwellings. “Modern Architecture” is becoming more and more environmentally unfriendly not only to people, but also to the surrounding natural environment, including the excessive use of energy in cooling buildings. That is why we have to revert back to vernacular architecture to see how we can be salvage the vernacular principles and use them in sustainable architecture. There has been a turn around after years of environmentally unfriendly materials and bad architecture to sustainable building materials and construction methods.

Abstract : The most common non-intestinal infection observed worldwide is Urinary tract infection (UTI). Diabetic patients are more prone to Urinary tract infections (UTI). The susceptibility of the infection can vary in different individuals especially when there is underreporting from the patients having a risk of acquiring infections. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the incidence of UTI in patients with Diabetes and the control. It was reported that between 2013 – 2014, about 150 diabetic and 50 non diabetic urine samples were collected from the people visiting JPM Paramedical Institute at Kolathur area of North Chennai. The collected urine samples were processed by following the Standard laboratory protocol. Prevalence of UTI in the lower socioeconomic status was 20 %, moderate socioeconomic status 35 % and UTI in higher socioeconomic status was 45 %. The type of toilets used by these patients revealed that, 45 % were in use of common toilet (public), 40 % western toilet and about 15 % were in use of Indian toilet respectively. The common UTI Symptoms observed frequently in Diabetic patient as compared to non Diabetic patients were frequent urination, itching, burning, pain and fever etc. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of UTI among the diabetic patients and compare them with those of non diabetic ones from the areas of lower socio - economic groups, moderate socioeconomic and higher socioeconomic group.

Abstract : A new NLO material Lead doped L-Threonine was grown from aqueous solution by a slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Crystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis whose results they crystallize on orthorhombic system. The UV-Visible spectroscopic study reveals that crystal has good optical transparency and lower cut-off wavelength was found to be 330 nm. The functional group of grown crystal was found by FTIR analysis. The nonlinear optical property was confirmed by Kurtz Perry powder technique. The detailed structural analysis of the compound under progress.

Abstract : The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of acrylamide (ACR) on thyroid and liver functions and histopathological changes in adult male rats. Twenty adult male rats were used in the present study. The animals were acclimatized for two weeks before beginning of the experiment. The animals were divided randomly into two equal groups. The 1st group (control) administrated distal water orally by gavage, the 2nd was given ACR at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW/day for 45 days. The results revealed a significant increase in serum thyroxin (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was observed in ACR group. Moreover, a significant increase in serum levels of AST, ALT and ALP enzymes in ACR-group. Histopathological study showed the irregular size and shape of thyroid follicles and vacuolation of colloid and liver section appeared congestion of central vein, flattening and vacuolation of hepatocytes in ACR treated group.

Abstract : Latent class analysis (LCA) is considered to be an equivalent methodology for Factor Analysis, typically used for dichotomous or polytomous variables. The parameters of interest in a typical problem of latent class analysis are the unobserved proportion or size of the latent classes and the conditional item - response probabilities given the membership in a latent class. Based on the observed data on manifest variables, LCA provides a classification among the population. Manifest variables are called the "indicators" of a particular latent class. The present paper provides a review on the theory of latent class analysis and its wide area of applications in various disciplines such as Survey research, Medical diagnostics, Economics, Education, Psychology, Sociology, etc.

Abstract : Water covers 70.9 % of the Earth's surface, and is vital for all known forms of life. On Earth, 96.5 % of the planet's water is found mostly in oceans; 1.7 % in groundwater; 1.7 % in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland; a small fraction in other large water bodies and 0.001 % in the air as vapor, clouds formed of solid and liquid water particles suspended in air, and precipitation. Only 2.5 % of the Earth's water is fresh water, and 98.8 % of that water is in ice and groundwater. Less than 0.3 % of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's freshwater (0.003 %) was contained within biological bodies and manufactured products. As Ariyalur is a land of limestone, the cement industries flourishes to maximum resulting in air pollution and water pollution. The present study was concerned with the determination of physico-chemical parameters of ground water quality at different locations of Ariyalur.

Abstract : Total Suspended particulate matter which includes PM10 and TSPM serves as an important tool to determine the ambient air quality. This study reveals the concentration of PM10, TSPM, NOx, SO2 and CO at all the sampling stations to be dangerous to plants, animals and human beings. The sampling stations fall under the category of industrial, residential and sensitive zones. As the industries happen to be the main establishment of this area it is highly important to understand about the ambient air quality. The statistical analysis reveals a positive correlation for Neyveli township between the Pre and Post monsoon of TSPM and the correlation was found to be a bit lesser between PM10, TSPM, NOx, SO2 and CO during both period of all the areas. But, still there is no negative correlation noticed between the data.

Abstract : Actinobacteria are Gram positive prokaryotes which produce branching mycelium. Actinobacteria are widely distributed in natural and man-made environments and play an important role in the degradation of organic matter. They are also well known as a rich source of antibiotics and bioactive molecules. Actinobacteria hold a prominent position for their diversity and ability to produce novel substances. The terrestrial soil Actinobacteria has potential biotechnological applications and is a new resource for structurally diverse secondary metabolites. At present, an alternative approach was to make the isolation procedure more selective by adding chemical such as phenol to the soil suspension. Considering the practically useful compounds, today about 130 to 140 microbial products and a similar number of derivatives are applied in human medicine, mostly in chemotherapy and veterinary medicine. The majority of these compounds, except fungal penicillins, cephalosporins and several bacterial peptides and few others, are also produced by Actinobacteria. The high percentage of new compounds derived from new target - oriented screening methods is also of Actinobacteria origin.

Abstract : During the study period from October 2015 to June 2016, a total of 339 specimens of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. were collected from fish farms in Basrah and Nasryia provinces. The microscopic examination of fish detected presence of two parasites, one of them belonging to monogenetic trematode Diplozoon diporpa on gills of one fish specimen from Nasryia fish farm. While the other parasite related to Anisakid nematode Hysterothylacium sp. The 3rd larval stages were isolated from intestinal wall of one specimen of fish from Basrah fish farm. The recorded of marine parasite Hysterothylacium sp. in the present study considered as a new record in fresh water fishes of Iraq. The detection of Diplozoon diporpa for the first time in Nasryia fish farm regarded Nasryia as a new locality for Diplozoon diporpa. In addition, the common carp C. carpio was considered as a new host for both Diplozoon diporpa and Hysterothylacium sp.

Abstract : A little has been said and done about digitizing classrooms with state of the art technology, as one could witness from the classrooms in our locality. In reality classroom remains the same; so does the outcome of it. Based on the few suggestions given in this paper a teacher can very well initiate a method which suits everyone. Teachers are facilitators, instead of waiting for „divine intervention‟ in the guise of technology one can step up and practice something useful to make language learning useful. It is the responsibility of the teacher to make their learners believe that world outside their mobile phones is more interesting and colorful.